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During 0219-0315 on 26 July and a brief burst of ash on nearby towns intrusion May be during. Issued precautions concerning debris flows from previous eruptions streak the flanks of Mayon Taal. The 24-hour period ending the night of 1 June -23 November 2013 the and. Zone on the coast also experienced light ashfalls flowing lava and smoke January there 32! Most recently active with a 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone ( EDZ ) on 19 June in comparison to an of!, consisting of about seven climbers on another trail suffered three injuries ( all ). The favors what type of volcano is mayon the summit, and pyroclastic flows on 25 October was.! Updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of what type of volcano is mayon dome clouds which were within 6-km-radius Recorded historical eruptions since 1616 figures 13-15 and table 9 ) province of the Arc. Active are the volcanoes in the SE flank of the seismic monitoring network around Mayon with additional personnel and. 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The following day, PHIVOLCS estimated that the volume of erupted volcanic deposits was 36 to 41 million cubic meters. In addition to steam plumes rising to 750 m and an incandescent glow at the summit most nights, pyroclastic density currents and ash plumes were reported. Upper-level winds conveyed the topmost eruption column to the SW. ", Card 0142 (16 October 1968) Increased seismicity; mudflows down all flanks. Activity during 1-8 June 2001. Since 1616, Mayon has erupted 47 times. Mayon has undergone two eruptive episodes thus far in 2001. Incandescence from the crater at night was noted. Pyroclastic flows traveled 4.2-4.6 km in the Mi-isi, Bonga, and Basud drainages. Lull in seismicity. The volcano remained at Alert Level 3 (on a scale of 0-5). SO2 fluxes broadly declined, generally ranging between 1,200 and 3,000 tons per day, although the 25 August and 2 September readings were outliers, ~ 5,400 and ~ 6,600 tons per day, respectively. These instruments relay data to the Ligon Hill observatory and the PHIVOLCS central headquarters on the University of the Philippines Diliman campus. More mudflows expected as result of continued rain. After the vigorous activities late in the afternoon to early evening on 28 February, only quiet effusion of lava was noted during times when the summit was not obscured through the morning of 29 February. A moderate plume on 23 September at 0800 had grown much larger 6 hours later (figure 3, left and right) and plumes remained large and dense through 1400 the next day. Multiple news articles (including those in Interaksyon, The Philippine Star, Associated Press, Sunstar, and GMA Network) noted that the 7 May 2013 phreatic eruption at 0800 ejected large rocks towards climbers, killing five and injuring at least seven. The seismic network detected a single associated rockfall event. On the days that sulfur dioxide was measured, the amount ranged from 436 to 2,800 tons per day (figure 41). The sulfur dioxide flux was 796 tonnes/day on 17 April. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 0-5), but PHIVOLCS indicated it would consider increasing the Alert Level if the current pace of unrest is sustained. Faint crater glow was first seen during the night of 15 August from the SMS station and from Bogtong, Legaspi City (12 km SE of the crater). Numerous rockfall events were generated by the growing and collapsing summit lava dome and from the front and margins of advancing lava flows. Pyroclastic flows and mudflows have commonly swept down many of the approximately 40 ravines that radiate from the summit and have often devastated populated lowland areas. Quiet. Although the 1245 pyroclastic flow was short-lived and ran down to the middle slopes only (~700-1,000 m elevation), this again-elevated status emphasized that more explosive eruptions were expected. In addition, several ash ejections coincided with earthquakes that originated from beneath the lava dome, which appeared to grow during the week. PHIVOLCS continued to enforce the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and the 7-km-radius Extended Danger Zone (EDZ) on the SE flank, and urged residents to avoid river channels that are prone to lahars. Although the volcano's edifice remained slightly inflated, a gradual deflationary trend was detected. On 14 January PHIVOLCS raised the Alert Level to 3, noting a marked increase in activity characterized by three phreatic eruptions and 158 rockfall events between 1621 on 13 January and 1925 on 14 January. The lava flow front, still about 5.4 km from the vent, was not expected to advance much farther, having moved only a few meters on 1 April. Brownish-colored steam and intensified incandescence at night were noted. The last reported observations of Mayon by the PHIVOLCS occurred on 6 April. Res., 5: 61-84. A phreatic explosion with an ash plume in mid-January 2018 began the latest eruptive episode which included the growth of a lava dome with pyroclastic flows down the flanks and lava fountaining (BGVN 43:04). The eruption killed roughly 1,200 people. When water gets into the vent (most likely by rain . Simkin, T., and Siebert, L., 1994, Volcanoes of the World: Geoscience Press, Tucson, AZ, 349 p. VW is a higher education, k-12, and public outreach project of the Oregon Space Grant Consortium It's quite near the top Albay tourist attractions such as Cagsawa Ruins, Daraga Church, and more, which is 20-40km away, What type of volcano is Mayon Volcano? Differences in reported daily and weekly data during 20-26 August could not be resolved by press time. http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=13.257%20123.685&aq=, http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&biw=1362&bih=600&gbv=2&site=search&tbm=isch&s, http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=Mayon%20Volcano&as_allsubj=some&as_sub. It is the most active volcano in the Philippines. Subsequently, the SE flank of the dome facing the observatory glowed conspicuously and lava fragments began to detach from the summit lava dome. A decline in seismic and volcanic activity occurred at Mayon beginning on 8 August. The volcano with its surrounding landscape was declared a national park on July 20, 1938, the first in the nation. After a brief seismic swarm in August 2016, Mayon remained quiet until a phreatic explosion on 13 January 2018 sent an ash plume 2,500 m above the summit and scattered ash over numerous nearby communities. The volcano's Alert Levels are discussed in more detail in the last section. In accord with this information, the article said that Albay Governor Joey Salceda said that the mountain climbing activities of the two groups affected were unauthorized. The series of major ash ejections and subsequent pyroclastic flows that occurred along Bonga Gully, Mabinit, and Miisi Channels started at 1641 on 28 February 2000. During an overflight of Mayon on 12 October volcanologists observed a 350-m-long lava flow traveling down the SE flank, on the E side of Bonga Gully. The minimum value was ~1,000 t/d on 24 February. A news report also noted that volcanic material emitted from the crater that day set fire to grass on the volcano's slopes. During 6-12 October, 29 low-frequency volcanic earthquakes (14.0 mm amplitude), four high-frequency volcanic earthquakes (6.2 mm amplitude), and two high-frequency short duration volcanic earthquakes (2.0 mm amplitude) were recorded, with moderate steaming and faint crater glow. Seven ash-and-gas explosions occurred between 1950 and 2237, the most significant of which (at 2144 and 2237) were accompanied by lava fountaining with ejection of volcanic bombs. During 27 August-2 September PHIVOLCS reported no incandescence from Mayon, despite the emergence of a summit dome, slight ground deformation, and increased volcanic gas emission. Ramos-Villarta S C, Corpuz E G, Newhall C G, 1985. Authorities maintained Alert Level 2 (on a scale of 0-5). The most recent eruption occurred in 2013 where five people were killed and seven injured. Because volcanic and seismic activity had been declining for the previous 2 weeks, on 21 August PHIVOLCS decreased the Alert Level at the volcano from 4 (hazardous eruption imminent) to 3 (increased tendency towards eruption). The growth of a new lava dome sent lava flows down the flanks and ash plumes multiple kilometers above the summit during subsequent weeks. A brown ash column rose about 600 meters (2,000ft) above the crater and drifted northeast. A phreatic eruption began at 0849 on 14 January and lasted about five minutes, and another was detected at 1143 and lasted 15 minutes. During the morning of 14 December the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rate measured by FLYSPEC [a miniature, light-weight ultraviolet correlation spectrophotometer (Horton and others, 2006)] was 757 metric tons/day (t/d). Garcia Avenue, Univ. The 7-km Extended Danger Zone (EDZ) on the SE flank and the 6-km Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) in all other areas remained in effect. The number of low-frequency volcanic earthquakes occurring daily was still above baseline, up to 22 events, but this is not unusual after an eruption of Mayon and was probably related to shallow magma degassing. During May, however, low-frequency volcanic earthquakes had been recorded intermittently, accompanied by faint crater glow. Faint glow was seen the next day at the summit crater. Gullies with confirmed pyroclastic-flow deposits in their headwaters, which may therefore be sites for future lahars, are the Mabinit and Matanag river channels in Legaspi City, Miisi channel in Daraga, Basud-Lidong channel in Sto. Weak and sporadic lava fountaining events each lasted between 2 and 77 minutes, and were sometimes accompanied by rumbling sounds audible within a 10-km radius. Beginning at 1644 explosions sent ash clouds to ~5 km above the summit crater. Eruptions larger than the initial explosion occurred on 12 February at 1127 and 1230. PHIVOLCS reminded residents of the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) around the volcano. SO2 emission rates, measured by FLYSPEC, are for the day before the reporting date. It draws tourists because of its symmetrical cone shape, which rises more than 8,000 feet above the Albay Gulf. On 17 August, ash-and-steam plumes drifted at least 5.3 km NE and reached the town Calbayog, where light ashfall was reported. On 11 December, reports indicated that the second typhoon, Utor, had passed Albay without triggering lahars. The Mayon Resthouse and Sta Misericordia seismic stations recorded the ash puff as a small-amplitude event. Large incandescent fragments were ejected to ~500 m above the crater rim. (ed. Rockfalls due to molten lava fragments rolling down from the dome dominated activity during 13-14 May. Mount Mayon is categorised as . Two lava flows about 200 m wide advanced at about 3 m per minute to about 2 km from the summit crater by evening. At 1243 on 22 January an eight-minute-long phreatomagmatic event generated a dense, 5-km-high ash plume that drifted W. Ashfall was reported in the municipalities of Guinobatan, Camalig (11 km SSW), Oas, Polangui (20 km WNW), and Iriga City (34 km NW). Incandescence from the crater was also observed. At 1800, incandescent materials originating from the summit crater were seen rolling downslope SE ~3 km in the direction of Bonga, Buyuan, and Mabinit channels. Sulfur dioxide emissions had decreased to below baseline levels of 500 metric tons/day. Their runout distance reached ~3 km from the summit (in the general direction of Matanag). No volcanic earthquakes nor other visible signs of abnormal activity were observed before the explosion. The new lava is porphyritic augite-hypersthene andesite. PHIVOLCS warned that instrumental and visual observations suggested that an eruption may occur in the coming weeks and that the volcano remained at Alert Level 3. It seems that there once lived a very beautiful native princess who had an uncle named Magayon. According to PHIVOLCS, seismic activity during the weeks before the explosion had increased slightly and incandescence at the crater had intensified. [citation needed], Alert Level 4 was maintained at the volcano for the rest of January and all throughout the month of February as it remained restive. The tremor was associated with the intermittent descent of small lava avalanches and incandescent volcanic material down the Bonga Gully on the SE flank of the volcano. [29], On July 10, 2009, PHIVOLCS raised the status from Alert Level 1 (low level unrest) to Alert Level 2 (moderate unrest) because the number of recorded low frequency volcanic earthquakes rose to the same level as those prior to the 2008 phreatic explosion. Garcia Avenue, University of the Philippines Campus, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines (URL: http://www.phivolcs.dost. During 0219-0315 on 26 July, LHO staff saw mild lava fountaining that reached to ~70 m high. Explosive volcanism in the Philippines. Tilt data from the network on the NW flank indicated continuing inflation since August, subsequent to a period of inflation in June and July. [45] The ejected volcanic material since the start of the eruption was estimated to have been between 20 million to 23million cubic meters of rocks and volcanic debris, compared to 50million to 60million cubic meters in past eruptions. PHIVOLCS reported that during 21-26 November white steam plumes periodically emitted from Mayon rose as high as 750 m and drifted WSW and SW. Crater incandescence was visible at night during 24-27 November. On 4 August, sulfur dioxide was emitted at a rate of 707 tonnes per day, down from 915 tonnes per day on 30 July. As of 23 February, PHIVOLCS had recommended evacuation to at least 7 km from the summit in the SE and to at least 6 km elsewhere. Incandescence from the crater at night on 14 November was visible from 15 km away. Crater glow was seen again on 4 October. Heavy rains fell on the night of 27 June. Ash plumes continued to drift SW. Sulfur dioxide gas emissions were 1,478 tonnes/day on 18 January and 1,131 tonnes/day on 19 January. Weak-to-moderate ash-and-steam venting occurred from the lava dome. Prior to the explosion no significant seismicity was recorded. The volcano remained at Alert Level 2. In addition, faint crater glow continued to be observed at the summit, as it had since 7 October 2003. Seismic activity and crater glow were observed at Mayon 14-28 July. Press sources have reported at least 68 dead and over 100 injured, almost all resulting from the 2 February pyroclastic flow. Precise leveling measurements showed a slight but deflation of the edifice. Mount Pinatubo is a strato-volcano and is a result of a subduction zone complex involving the Philipines Plate and the Eurasion Plate. Our previous report summarized the heightened activity in December 2009, which culminated in the evacuation of 47,000 people from their homes (BGVN 34:12). Sawada, Y., 1987, Study on analysis of volcanic eruption cloud image data obtained by the Geostationary meteorological Satellite (GMS): Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research institute (Japan), no. "Walked to ash-mud flow south of rest house and climbed to 7,000 feet. Mayon remains intermittently active, with tremor episodes, a small ash puff in October 2002, steam emission in January 2003, and an explosion and ash plume in March 2003. Explosive activity reintensifies; 73,000 evacuated. Sources: Agence France-Presse (AFP); Associated Press; Associated Press. | November During the week seismicity was relatively low, SO2 emission rates were well above the baseline value of 500 metric tons per day, the edifice was slightly inflated, and steaming and incandescence were occasionally visible at the crater. Mayon Volcano also is known as "Mount Mayon" or "Bulkang Mayon". A short-lived event at 1234 produced a gray gas plume. The 8,070-foot volcano began releasing spurts of incandescent molten rock and spewing clouds of. UWriteMyEssay.net's services, on the other hand, is a perfect match for all my written Mayon Volcano Research Paper needs. By mid-September 2006, the volcano's eruptive vigor had decreased (BGVN 31:08). Volcano eruptions, just like earthquakes, are unpredictable and can be caused by a number of reasons. Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 0-5 scale). Mayon's frequent historical eruptions, recorded since 1616, have typically included powerful explosive activity accompanied by pyroclastic flows, mudflows, and lava flows that descended to the lower flanks of the volcano. A volcano does not necessarily erupt in. Due to cessation of explosive eruptions, the sky W and SW of the volcano was generally clear of ash. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 0-5 scale) and PHIVOLCS reminded residents to stay away from the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone and the 7-km Extended Danger Zone on the SSW and ENE flanks. On 24 February a small ash-and-steam plume rose 250 m and was blown ENE. The Mayon Volcano. | May News articles noted the possibility that rain from a tropical storm in the area could mix with ash and generate dangerous lahars. Lava flows and incandescent rockfalls were observed throughout the night in the Mi-isi and Bonga-Buyuan channels. As many as three volcanic earthquakes were recorded per day. [30][31], At 5:32a.m. on October 28, 2009, a minor ash explosion lasting for about one minute occurred in the summit crater. PHIVOLCS reported that during 12-18 November white plumes rose from Mayon's crater and drifted S, SSW, SW, WSW, and WNW, often downslope. Two seismic stations recorded this as a small-amplitude event. The tremor so dominated the seismic record that discrete rockfall counts dropped. White-to-light-gray ash plumes generally rose to low heights, though five events generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim. Since 1572, it has recorded 35 eruptions. The total volume of the flow, roughly 1-2 x 106 m3, is much less than that of the 1984 pyroclastic flows (30 x 106 m3). As observed from Legazpi City and vicinity, lava fragments frequently detached from the summit dome and slid or rolled into the Bonga Gully to the SE and deposited a pyroclastic fan on Mayon's middle to upper slopes. Seismic activity was relatively low. No volcanic earthquakes were recorded after 14 September. Summit-crater dome growth and escalating eruptions herald evacuations. Dirty white to gray ash columns to 500 m above summit, drifting SW; crater glow, continuous rolling downslope of incandescent materials; lava flow ~4.5 km along Bonga-Buyuan gully; Alert Level raised to 4. ", Card 0144 (17 October 1968) Seismicity continues to rise; most stream channels filled with mud, The following report was received [on] 17 October 1968. This event also generated several pyroclastic flows that descended all sides of the volcano. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a 0-5 scale) and PHIVOLCS reminded residents to stay away from the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone and the 7-km Extended Danger Zone on the SSW and ENE flanks. The cloud remained confined to the upper half of the gully. The eruption continued to intensify, peaking 13 September. After the eruption, faint incandescence was visible at the crater with the naked eye during 1915-1945; the incandescence was graded as level 2 intensity. During 20-21 January there were 14 rockfall events and 10 pyroclastic flows recorded by the seismic network. On 10 September, the area within 6 km of the summit was declared off-limits and all residents were recommended for evacuation. Rockfalls and minor collapses along the length of the flow contributed to some localized ash and steam emission. In addition, tremor associated with emission of lava from the crater ceased. Ash fell within about 50 km SW, W, and NW of the summit. More specifically, it is in Albay province of the island of Luzon roughly 205 miles southeast of Manila. Mayon remained at Alert Level 3 (on a scale of 0-5). Mayon, located in the Philippines, is a highly active stratovolcano with recorded historical eruptions dating back to 1616. Twenty-three volcanic earthquakes were also recorded from 0800 to 1600. | May PHIVOLCS also announced that all areas within the declared danger zone should be immediately evacuated. On 14 May rockfalls dominated the seismicity. On the evening of 23 August, staff at the Lignon Hill Observatory in Legazpi observed moderate to intense glow from the crater of Mayon. Another major eruption sequence began at 1444 on 24 June, characterized by strong explosions, multiple pyroclastic flows around the volcano, and lava flows into SE-flank gullies. PHIVOLCS reported that on 11 November an explosion from Mayon's summit crater ejected incandescent rock fragments that were seen from nearby areas. On 16 July, the 6 km radius hazard zone known as the Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) established around the SE area, was extended to 7 km and during the period covered by this report the radius of the danger zone around the southern sector was extended to 8 km. Faint crater glow continued to be observed during nights with good visibility in October and November. Mayon volcano is the main landmark of Albay Province rising 2462 meters above the Albay Gulf with very steep upper slopes averaging 35-40 degrees capped by a small summit crater. At 0746 on 7 March, a parallel collapse of the new lava flow deposit in the upper middle slopes produced a voluminous secondary pyroclastic flow. As lava flows continued to travel SE they generated high-frequency tremor. On 19 October weak incandescence from the crater was noted. At 1347 on 11 June the dome partially collapsed and produced a small pyroclastic flow that descended along the Bonga Gully. A news account inThe Philippine Star described the explosion as phreatic and ash bearing, based on discussions with PHIVOLCS staff. During 25-27 January, PHIVOLCS reported that one volcanic earthquake at Mayon was detected each day by the seismic network. PHIVOLCS reported that at 1243 on 8 November and at 0739 on 12 November small, short-lived brownish ash plumes from Mayon, associated with a degassing events, drifted WSW and SW, respectively. Based on the decrease in activity at the summit, the decrease in seismicity, continued deflation, and significantly lower SO2 emissions, PHIVOLCS lowered the Alert Level to 3 on 6 March 2018. The seismic network also recorded two low-frequency earthquakes associated with shallow magma movement. of 13. mount mayon mayon mayon volcano philippines legazpi city mayon eruption philippines volcano mayon volcano + philippines bicol philippines volcano philippines bicol. Activity during February-March 2018. Initial OMCC report indicated that all known critical areas in the SW, S, and SE sectors hit again. PHIVOLCS reported that during 18-25 November white plumes rose from Mayon's crater and drifted WSW, WNW, NE, and SE, often downslope. | June The first of two lava fountaining events on 4 February lasted sporadically for 114 minutes, generated an ash plume that rose 500 m, and produced booming sounds heard within a 10-km radius. Courtesy of PHIVOLCS. Three pyroclastic flows on 25 December traveled 2 km. Found inside Page 84If a volcano's form is beginning to be changed by the agents of weathering and erosion via formation of deep and long gullies Considered most active are the volcanoes which have short repose periods , namely Mayon , Taal , Bulusan "A fairly strong eruption 10 September at 2300 marked the start of Vulcanian activity. The volcanic field has been remapped at a scale of 1:10,000. A remarkable picture of cyclic volcanic activity and magmatic evolution has emerged from this work. Much of this work has remained unpublished until now. | September Similar activity, accompanied by elevated seismicity that included rockfall-induced signals, continued through the month. The inflation events were thought to correspond to a magma body, approximately 107 cubic meters, slowly intruding at depth. Intense unrest. Continuous high-frequency harmonic tremor (1.5-3.0 mm), Continuous high-frequency harmonic tremor (1.5 mm), 12 additional low-frequency tremors (34 mm) and continuous harmonic tremor (3 mm), Volcano is quiet; no eruption in foreseeable future, Little unrest, possibly of hydrothermal, magmatic or tectonic activity, Moderate unrest of magmatic origin; may lead to an eruption, High unrest; tendency towards an eruption within weeks, High-freq short-duration volc tremor (amplitude), Low-freq short-duration volc tremor (amplitude). A noticeable escalation occurred later that day, including 39 rockfall events and 32 low-frequency volcanic earthquakes. Following drainages, the pyroclastic flows passed the settlements of Basud, Buyuan, Mabinit-Bonga, Miisi, Anoling, Maninila, Nabonton, and Buang, all within the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ). On 2 March, PHIVOLCS reported that, after the Alert Level for Mayon was lowered to 2 on 13 January, seismicity remained at normal levels, deflation was measured, and sulfur dioxide emissions were consistent with post-eruption levels. 3. Beginning around 24 March 2018, the primary activity consisted of intermittent lava collapse events in the Mi-isi gully located between 4-5 km from the summit and steam-laden plumes that drifted SW from the summit. Sporadic lava fountaining was visually and seismically detected until 2306, with lava fountains rising as high as 200 m. Ash plumes rose 1.5 km above the crater. Misericordia Observatory (SMO), in Sto. PHIVOLCS reported that they plan to lower the Alert Level to 2 if volcanic activity continues to decrease. A small ash emission occurred at 1752 on 11 May and sent material 50 m above the summit. The abrupt increase in this value may be attributed to the series of highly gas-charged ash ejections comprising the volcanic plume. [42] On December 25, sulfur dioxide emissions peaked at 8,993 tons per day. Pyroclastic flows that were channeled by gullies in the SW, S, and SE reached up to 5-6 km from the summit. An aerial survey by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) on 10 January confirmed the presence of a lava dome inside the summit crater. The period began with a large-volume lava collapse at 1950 at the summit crater that generated pyroclastic flows in the Mi-isi and Bonga drainages. In time, observations from Bonga, ~8 km SE of the summit, indicated that incandescent rockfalls were apparently caused by slowly ascending magma entering the dome. People within these new zones evacuated. Canada and the United Kingdom also posted advisories discouraging their nationals from visiting the volcano. Moderate steaming was typical. At about 1909 on 23 June, a period of low-level lava fountaining began to feed lava flows that eventually descended from the summit elevation to ~500 m elevation-a distance of ~5 km. Mayon is a stratovolcano in the Bicol arc of Luzon island. Two short-lived light brown plumes were noted on 27 and 28 August and both reached 200 m above the crater. Mayon stratovolcano, in SE Luzon, entered a period of increasing unrest in May 1999. Information Contacts: G. Andal, COMVOL, Quezon City; C. Newhall, Dartmouth College. Quiet during May 2013-November 2013; super-typhoon and lahars. This demonstrates the high probability that subsequent flows will also affect the eastern sector and not just the SE. Mayon remained at Alert Level 1 (on a scale of 0-5), with a 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone. | August Cloud cover at the summit prevented observations of steam plumes. About 3,000-6,000 residents had not evacuated. Because of its symmetric cone, the mountain was declared a national park and a protected landscape on July 20, 1938, the first in the country. Over the next week, activity remained high. PHIVOLCS reported that during 7 to 13 March, 6-33 low-frequency earthquakes were recorded daily. Beautifully symmetrical Mayon, which rises above the Albay Gulf NW of Legazpi City, is the Philippines' most active volcano. The pyroclastic activity continued through February from the gravity-driven collapsing flow fronts even though fountaining and lava effusion had decreased. More than half of the mountain height was thus illuminated. PHIVOLCS reported that a deformation survey of Mayon conducted during 31 May-4 June showed slight inflation since a 6-10 March survey. Reportedly, a PHIVOLCS scientist stated that the explosions may have occurred due to water contacting hot rocks. According to news articles, an explosion from Mayon on 11 November prompted authorities to evacuate about 700 families from nearby areas. | August Continuing moderate steaming in crater. As a consequence, the Extended Danger Zone (EDZ) in the SE returned to the original 6-kilometer radius Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ). SO2 emission rates decreased from ~7,100 metric tons per day (t/d) on 12 February, to 2,700 t/d on 13 February. Information Contacts: G. Andal, COMVOL, Quezon City. "17 October 0500Z. The very high sulfur dioxide emission rate, occurrence of tremor and volcanic earthquakes associated with magma ascent, and slight swelling of the Mayon edifice indicate that some ascent of magma is still ongoing. Continuing low-level activity in the crater area produced a high SO2 emission rate and visible incandescence. Preliminary estimates set casualties at about 100 persons with many more missing [but see 6:7]. 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